Plank represents the third generation of attempts to map the cosmic microwave background. The first

How cute was our universe as a baby? We now know better than ever: the image of our early universe just got sharper and related scientists with greater plastic candy jar precision many important facts about how the universe evolved.
This new foutajenik moment, released Thursday, comes courtesy of the European Space Agency's Plank lot telescope that detects cosmic microwave background radiation - the light left over from the Big Bang. Scientists used data from Plank to create an artificially colored map of temperature variations across the sky in the early universe, in more detail than ever before.
"It's a big deal," said Charles Lawrence, Plank project scientist at NASA's Jet propulsyon Laboratory, in a news briefing. He added, "We can tie together a whole range of phenomena that can not be tied together so well before, and the sum total of that, the impact is felt in many, many ways."
"Through the matching observations from Plank to predictions of models, we can assemble a surprisingly detailed picture of the universe as it was one Nano - Nano - Nano - nanousekand after the Big Bang," plastic candy jar said market kamyonkovski, professor plastic candy jar of physics and astronomy at John Hopkins University.
But since the Big Bang that hot light has cooled considerably, and the universe itself has expanded by a factor of 1100. The light has cooled so much that we can not see it, but Plank can detect subtle variations plastic candy jar in temperature, which give scientists a wealth plastic candy jar of information. By subtle, we mean about 1-100 - million of a degree.
The colors in the temperature map image that scientists released Thursday were arbitrarily chosen to show the intensity variations, Lawrence said. Red means a little bit warmer than average, blue means cooler than average, and white is average.
Plank data also suggest that our universe has more dark matter than previously thought. A full 26.8% appears to be dark matter, an invisible phenomenon that scientists have only been able to detect indirectly; Experiments both in space and in the large hadron plastic candy jar Collider are hoping to pin down.
Scientists said the rate at which the universe is expanding, based on these observations is 67.15 kilometers plastic candy jar per second per megaparsek, a unit of vast distance in space (1 megaparsek = 3,300,000 light years). That's significantly less than what has been calculated before (73.8 kilometer / sec / MPC). This number, known as the hubble constant, describes the acceleration of the stretching of spasetime.
The discrepancy between the hubble constants will probably attract a lot of attention in the scientific community and is one of the most exciting parts of the new data, said Martin White, a scientist with the Plank is based at the University of California, Berkeley. plastic candy jar
"The hope would be that it is actually pointing to some deficiency in the model, or some extra physics that we're not aware of, and perhaps spark a whole new research direction," White said.
One theory that could be explored is that the nature of dark energy, which scientists think is causing the accelerated expansion of the universe is different from the simplest person - calculated models. Is dark energy increasing with time over some volume of space? That's a radical theory, though, White said, and there are other possibilities.
"Perhaps we could say that our universe has thrown us a curve ball, and it rarely fails to surprise us," said Krzysztof Gorski, Plank scientist at NASA's Jet propulsyon Laboratory.
Scientists ran 10,000,000 Computer Simulations and chose from among them the best match to the new data, White said. Out of those, they found a good match describing important statistics about the universe.
The Plank helps to nail down many of the parameters that other experiments must know to explore aspects of the universe, such as its expansion history, White said. New analyzes are based on the first 15.5 months of data from the mission, which is run principally by the European Space Agency. NASA is a partner of the project.
Plank represents the third generation of attempts to map the cosmic microwave background. The first was Kobe, launched in 1989, followed plastic candy jar by WAP, launched in 2001. Comparing the resulting maps shows just how much better the maps have gotten with each successive satellite. plastic candy jar